LECTURE NOTES ON THERMODYNAMICS AND AIRCYCLES

Lecture notes on Heat power engineering for engineering and diploma students

Topic : Thermodynamics

Definition – gauge and absolute pressure – temperature – absolute temperature – heat – specific heat – thermodynamic systems – properties of a system – laws of thermodynamics – properties of perfect gases – laws of perfect gases – general gas equation – characteristics equation of gas – universal gas constant – specific heat of a gas – specific heat and constant volume – specific heat at constant pressure – relation between specific heats – ratio of specific heats . Thermodynamics processes of perfect gases – constant volume process – constant pressure process – isothermal process – adiabatic process – polytropic process

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Topic : Air cycle

Introduction – Assumptions – Reversible cycle – Irreversible cycle – types of thermodynamic cycles – Carnot cycle – Otto cycle – Diesel cycle – PV and TS diagrams – Efficiency of cycles – Dual combustion cycle and Joule’s cycle - SI engine combustions – Stages – Detonation – Diesel engine combustion – Diesel knock

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INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PARTS

VIDEO LECTURE ON BASIC COMPONENTS OF IC ENGINE INTERNAL COMBUSTION COMPONENTS An Internal combustion engine has various parts. Some important parts are listed below. Cylinder block Cylinder head Cylinder liner Crankcase Piston Connecting rod Crankshaft Cam shaft Flywheel Valve and valve mechanism Gaskets Lubrication system Cooling system Spark plug and fuel injector Cylinder block It is the main body of the engine. It contains cylinder. It is made by casting method. Cast iron, grey cast iron and its alloys are used. Crank shaft, cam shaft are available inside of the cylinder block Water jackets are provided for water cooled engine blocks. Air cooled cylinder block contains fins to reduce the heat produced inside of the engine. The piston reciprocates inside the cylinder. Cylinder head is placed at the top of cylinder block. The crank case is provided at the bottom of the cylinder block. CYLINDER BLOCK Cylinder head It is made by casting. CI, GCI and its alloys are us

Working of four stroke petrol engine

• A four stroke engine is an internal combustion engine in which the piston completes four separate strokes while turning the crank shaft. • A four stroke engine delivers one power stroke for every two cycles of the piston. • Following strokes are continuously taking place. ü Suction stroke – Suction of air fuel mixture takes place. ü Compression stroke – Adiabatic compression of air fuel mixture. ü Power stroke – Combustion and adiabatic expansion taking place. ü Exhaust stroke – Burnt gases are exhausted from the cylinder. SUCTION STROKE :- • During suction stroke, inlet valve is opened and exhaust valve is closed. • Piston moves TDC to BDC • When the piston moved TDC to BDC vacuum is created inside the cylinder. • Due to the vacuum air fuel mixtures is drawn into the cylinder. • Inlet valve is closed at the end of suction stroke. COMPRESSION STROKE :- • In compression stroke

POLLUTION CONTROL IN THERMAL POWER PLANT

Pollution control in thermal powerplant The major devices used to control pollution in thermal power plant are as below Cyclone Seperator Wet Scrubber Electro Static Precipitator Construction and working of these devices are explained in our YouTube video. Here you can download the PDF by clicking the following link. Video link - Click here PDF link - Click here

Does heat transfer takes place in vaccum space?

Of course! How earth receives heat energy from sun? Here is answer for these two questions. Heat can transfer in vacuum space. In this article you may know how heat is transferred in vacuum space. How earth receives heat energy from sun? First we should understand the modes of heat transfer. There are three modes available to transfer heat. They are, Heat conduction, Heat convection and radiation. Let's see one by one. Heat conduction In heat conduction mode of heat transfer heat is transferred by means of molecules present in the object. In this mode, energy will be transferred among the molecules. Example: I am holding a metal bar in my hand. I am going to heat that. What will happen. The bar gets heat from the source. Unfortunately, I can feel heat transfer in another side which is hold by means of hand. There is no objects present in the space. So heat cannot transfer by conduction mode in space. Heat convection In this mode of heat transfer heat is tr

BASICS OF THERMODYNAMICS

VIDEO LECTURE ON BASICS OF THERMODYNAMIC Contents Definition of thermodynamics Basic terms used Laws of thermodynamics System, Boundary and Surroundings Equilibrium Intensive and Extensive properties State, Process, Cycle Point and path functions Definition Thermodynamics is the branch of science deals with relationship between heat and work. It deals with transfer of energy within the system and across the boundary of the system. Basics Terms Used Mass Weight Volume Density Specific weight Specific gravity Specific volume Pressure Temperature Heat Work Power Energy Mass Mass is the amount of matter contained in an object, and does not depends on gravity. Unit of mass is gram, kilogram. W=mg It is denoted as 'm' Weight The amount of mass depending upon gravity is called weight. It is the product of mass and acceleration gravity. W=mg. Unit is Kgm/sec 2 (or) Newton. It is denoted as'W' Volume Space occupied by the mass. Ratio of mass t

LECTURE NOTES ON NON CONVENTIONAL MACHINING PROCESSES

What is unconventional (or) non conventional machining process? Non conventional or unconventional machining processes are the machining process by using a form of energy to remove the unwanted material in a given work piece. There are some types in non conventional machining available as follows. Ultrasonic machining process Chemical machining process Electro chemical machining process Electro chemical grinding machining process Electro chemical discharge machining process Laser beam machining process Plasma arc machining process Video lectures and lecture notes are available about the non conventional machining process. To study about construction and working of unconventional machining process click the below links. PDF link : Link-1 , Link- 2 Video Lectures link : Click here

COMPLETE LECTURE NOTES ON PROCESS PLANNING AND COST ESTIMATIONS

Download complete lecture notes for process planning and cost estimation in PDF format here. Process planning is the systematic determination of methods by which a product is to be manufactured economically. The following topics are available in separate PDF files. Video lectures also available in our Youtube channel. Process Planning - PDF link : Download Video link: Click here Process Selection - PDF link : Download Video link: Click here Problems on make or buy decision - PDF link : Download Video link: Click here Work study, Method study and time study - PDF link : Download Video link: Part-1 Part-2 Selling price of a component - PDF link : Download Video link: Click here Components of cost- PDF link : Download Video link: Click here Calculation of standard time - PDF link : Download Video link: Click here

NOTES FOR HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER

HERE YOU CAN DOWNLOAD COMPLETE NOTES FOR HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER FOR ALL TECHNICAL EXAMS IN PDF FORMAT PDF contains brief explanation about modes of heat and mass transfer Governing equations Previous year question papers Heat transfer in composite walls are given PDF Link : Click here

ENGINE AND ITS CLASSIFICATIONS

VIDEO LECTURE ON ENGINE AND ITS CLASSIFICATIONS ENGINE What is engine ? It is a power generating machine which converts power into motion. Otherwise we can define as, engine is a device which converts heat energy of the fuel into mechanical energy. Example : Petrol engine, Diesel engine INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE What is heat engine? Heat engine is a device which converts heat energy into work. Example: IC engine, EC engine EXTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE What is IC engine ? IC engine also called as internal combustion engine. The combustion of fuel takes place inside of the cylinder. During combustion process, chemical energy of the fuel is converted into heat energy. Further it is converted into useful work. Example : Petrol engine, Diesel engine, Gas turbine. TURBINE What is EC engine ? EC engine also called as external combustion engine. The combustion of fuel takes place externally. In external combustion engine heat energy is converted into mechanical wo

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